British policies dissatisfied both Arabs and Jews. There was tension and conflict between the Arabs and the Jews, and between each of them and the British forces since the 1917 Balfour Declaration and the 1920 creation of the British Mandate of Palestine. The violence had certain continuities with the past, the Fajja bus attack being a direct response to a Lehi massacre on 19 November of five members of an Arab family, suspected of being British informants. The day after the 29 November 1947 adoption of the United Nations Partition Plan for Palestine – which planned to divide Palestine into an Arab state, a Jewish state, and the Special International Regime encompassing the cities of Jerusalem and Bethlehem – an ambush of two buses carrying Jews took place in an incident regarded as the first in the civil war which broke out after the UN decision. It formally began following the end of the British Mandate for Palestine at midnight on the Israeli Declaration of Independence had been issued earlier that day, and a military coalition of Arab states entered the territory of British Palestine in the morning of 15 May. The 1948 (or First) Arab–Israeli War was the second and final stage of the 1948 Palestine war.
Saudi Arabia: 800–1,200 (Egyptian command)Ħ,373 killed (about 4,000 fighters and 2,400 civilians) ģ,000–13,000 killed (both fighters and civilians)
Holy War Army (after 22 September 1948)Įgypt: 10,000 initially, rising to 20,000.All-Palestine Protectorate (after 22 September 1948).Israel keeps the area allotted to it by the Partition Plan and captures ≈60% of the area allotted to Arab state Jordanian rule of the West Bank, Egyptian occupation of the Gaza Strip Former British Mandate of Palestine, Sinai Peninsula, southern Lebanon
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